It does open up the possibility for specialized compressors for the data in the file, which might be interesting for archiving where improved compression ratio is worth a lot.
That makes sense. I think fundamentally you’re trading off space between the compressed data and the lookup tables stored in your decompression code. I can see that amortizing well if the compressed payloads are large or if there are a lot of payloads with the same distribution of sequences though.
Apparently an infinite number, if we go with the approach in the paper /s